Florence cathedral appears in miniature on the bottom of an Italian flask along with the letter “F,” the mark of the Medici Porcelain Manufactory.
Grand Duke Francesco I de’ Medici, an experimental chemist, employed alchemists in the 1500s to unlock the secret of making true porcelain, which only the Chinese had mastered (for seven centuries, by that time). The mad scientists of Italian porcelain failed, though they did create a so-called “soft-paste” porcelain used for many lovely things along the way.
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